Sons and Lovers as an Autobiographical Novel

Novel gained immense popularity during the 20th century. In the history of English novel D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers is a typical 20th century novel. The 20th century novels bear the characteristics of realism, romanticism, modernism, impressionism, expressionism etc. It was a time of complex human psychology. A contiguous overflow of a thought, which is happening in human psychology become the theme of the novel of the time. After the havoc and destruction of the First and the Second World Wars a great change in human psychology took place.Prominent psychological writers like- Sigmund Freud, Jung and Lucka came forward with their stimulating psychoanalytical theory. Freud’s theory of Oedipus complex and Lacka’s theory of child’s life or self-development greatly influenced the Novelists of The 20th century. Son’s and lovers by D. H. Lawrence is also a psychological novel where Lawrence as a psychoanalyst brings into focus the subtle and intrica te happening in the minds of his characters, like Gertrude Morel , Paul Morel , Miriam and others.Love PoemSons and Lovers deal with the psychology of the characters. Lawrence examines human life minutely and represents the complexity of human mind in his novel, Sons and Lovers. He brings out the deepest and subtle psychological aspect of his characters specially of Gertrud Morel and Paul Morel. According to the psychologists’ theory, there are three levels of human thought: conscious, subconscious and unconscious. Most of the thoughts lie dominant in subconscious and unconscious level. Sometimes it comes out into surface. Oedipus complex is one of such instinct.A psychological novelist like Lawrence externalizes the hidden and inner recondite thoughts of subconscious and unconscious mind. The theme of Oedipus complex is a dominant theme of Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers. Gertrude morel is a lady of delicate and refined taste and she married a miner named Walter Morel. Tho ugh it was a love marriage, within a few months of their marriage she discovered him as a stranger, a gambler, drunkard and an agitated person. Besides the poverty of Morels family disillusioned her. In spite of remaining as his wife, she lost all the interests for him.Morel’s rude and aggressive behavior with her and their children made her burdened with life with him. But nevertheless she remains with him because she had loving children as- Annie and William. All her love and affection was transferred to her children specially to her eldest son William who also loves his mother very much. When William came into maturity he managed to earn for family and it made her happy but gradually Mr. Morel becomes an outsider of the family. Because of the crude and vulgarity of his manner his children William and Annie also began to despise him. Mrs.Morel’s extreme love for her son William made the father jealous. In a state of conflict between husband and wife, both of them fel t dreary and lonely. So all the love and affection of a disappointed soul like Gertrud Morel find place in her lovely children especially in the sons- first in William then in Paul. The sons gave hope and spirit in Mrs. Morel’s life. Her heart filled with love and affection first for William then for Paul, her second son. Lawrence in a letter to his friend Edward Garnett said about the relation between mother and son: â€Å"But as her sons grew up, she settles them as lovers. This is the kind of love Sigmund Freud mentions as Oedipus complex. According to the theory, if the marriage between the mother and father is not happy and loving, the parents become interested in love for the child of opposite sex. The child functions as the substitute of husband or wife. Lawrence as a psychologist brings out the innermost psychology of his characters, Mrs. Gertrud Morel and her son Paul Morel. Mrs. Morel prevented her sons making love with other woman except her. She prevented William from getting intimate with the gipsy girl Lily.After the death of William she was slowly transforming her possessive feelings to Paul. Lawrence showed them wandering along the street of Nottingham with joy and excitement just like two lovers. She is a victim of an unhappy marriage. Her failure in life with Morel paved the way of Oedipus complex in her life. She gets attracted to her sons’ manhood. Nothing except Paul is valuable in her life. Paul also knew her passion for him. He loved his mother from his very childhood and could not break her heart. So he remained passive with any relationship with other women like Miriam and Clara.Miriam loved him intensely. He also had love for her but an unknown hand prevented him from the fulfillment of their relationship. He thought that he is only for his mother. His mother also knows that her only means of life on earth is Paul. What is the horrible consequence of an unhappy marriage, she knows it well. That’s why she says Wil liam, â€Å"Nothing is as bad as marriage that is a hopeless failure. † The relation between Paul and Miriam is a kind of spiritual love, yet nothing but his Oedipus feeling prevented him from marrying her. Both Mrs.Morel and Miriam desired Paul’s love and affection and it eats up the self of Paul. Mrs. Morel knew that Miriam is not like an ordinary woman who can leave her the share she desires in Paul. So she felt awfully worried about Paul. She could not bear it. She could let another woman have Paul but not Miriam. The tormented soul of Mrs. Morel says: â€Å"she’d leave me no room, not a bit of room. † Then she piteously utters: â€Å"And I’ve never- You know Paul- I’ve never had a husband- not really. † Paul helplessly comes forward to console his mother by asserting that he did not love Miriam.He strokes his mother’s hair and placed his mouth on her throat. Before parting for the night Mrs. Morel kissed him a long fervent kiss. Thus physical intimacy between mother and son become more explicit in the novel. Paul fells disturbed with Miriam as he thinks her foe between him and his mother. Nothing should disturb their relationship. Paul was aware of his helplessness. He frankly admits that he could only give Miriam his friendship- nothing more. Paul’s passion for his mother is also seen when in a railways carriage he noticed that his mother’s body looks frail, he thought that his mother is slipping away from him.Again in climbing the Cathedral hill, when she was out of breath and had to take rest Paul regrets that his mother is aging. He frankly says his mother: â€Å"Why can’t a man have a young mother? What is she old for? † He regrets for not being her eldest son to find her younger. After Annie’s marriage, Paul realized his mother’s loneliness. So, he asserts to Mrs. Morel that he would never marry and leave her alone. Another woman Clara came in Paul†™s life. She aroused the long repressed and over-refined sexual instinct of Paul who is a man of twenty-three. But yet sex remained complicated in him.Clara’s physical attraction also failed to bring Paul out of his psychological complexity. He thinks that only an over strong virginity in him and Miriam prevented them from physical contact. Paul realizes that the deepest of his love belongs to his mother. The clear sexual over tone of their relationship is seen during their excursion to Lincoln where Paul behaves almost like a lover when he tells his mother, â€Å"You forget I am a fellow taking his girl for an outing. † Mrs. Morel also accepts this sexual aspect in a pleasant mood. Mrs. Morel disapproved not only Miriam but also Clara saying hat he had not yet met the right woman. Paul could understand his mother’s passion for him as well as his weakness for her. So he felt that he would not meet that right woman during her lifetime. Even Clara too realized t hat Paul cannot come out of himself, so she leaves him and returned to Baxter. Mrs. Morel’s pangs and miseries of life and Paul’s emotional crisis ended with the tragic death of Mrs. Morel. Being unable to carry the psychological torture any more, Paul fed her a heavy dose of morphia with her night milk and next morning at about twelve eternal rest and peace came to the agonized soul.Paul knelt down by her death-bed and put his face to hers and his arms round her and whispered mournfully, â€Å"My love, my love- oh, my love. ’ And after the death of his mother he often moved aimlessly from one place to another, drinking, knocking about with men he knew. The real agony was that he had nowhere to go, nothing to do, nothing to say and was nothing himself. According to Lucka’s theory there are three stages of self-development: imaginary stage, mirror stage and symbolic stage. In the imaginary stage a child often birth thinks its mother as self. It finds itse lf in it mother.In the mirror stage he starts to think it differently. In the symbolic stage a child gets the name of his father. In Sons and Lovers Paul first identifies himself with his mother. He then finds his own self and then is identified with his father. But as he found his father, Walter Morel, unattractive and complex he again seeks place in his mother. So he could not found his own self-identity and could not come out of his mother. Lawrence employed the stream of consciousness technique which means a continuous overflow of a thought what is happening in human psychology.It saves his plot from the bondage of time and chronology. As a modern writer, Lawrence writes from the subjective point of view in order to share his own personal experience with the readers. He tactfully delineates the psychology of the perturbed souls of Gertrude Morel and her son Paul Morel. How psychological complexity destroys a man or woman is seen in the character of Mrs. Morel. As a frustrated wi fe she failed to enjoy properly the life of a woman and goes through a great complexity and psychological breakdown. She took shelter in a loving male person to make good of an unhappy young lady.The man also loves her deeply as she expect yet she could not satisfy her mind completely because the loving male person is none but her own loving son to whom all sexual aspects are forbidden for her as his mother. Obsessed with the mix emotional and passionate feelings her mind is completely shattered down. Side by side as a victim of her passionate love her son Paul also lost himself in her and goes through the same psychological complexity. Thus the emotional and sensual crisis of human psychology dominates the plot of Lawrence novel Sons and Lovers. So it is a great psychological novel in the history of English literature.

The Chronicles of College Board Essay Samples

The Chronicles of College Board Essay Samples What's Really Happening with College Board Essay Samples Colleges are more inclined to admit students who can articulate certain explanations for why the school is a great fit about them beyond its reputation or ranking on any list. You have to connect who you wish to become with the institution you believe can help you accomplish your target. Thus, State University isn't only the ideal spot for me, it is the sole spot for me. Apart from college loans, there's the stress of keeping up a GPA to join the university that you dream about. The Awful Side of College Board Essay Samples The great news is, I can provide help. Our site is just one of the most appropriate for essay help. The actual folks highly praise our essay help site. The Start of College Board Essay Samples Your orders will be done exactly as you desire. If you're attempting to have your fantasy job, each supporting paragraph should be creative. 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Shirley Jackson s The Lottery - 896 Words

Shirley Jackson wrote a short story called The Lottery. It was about small village and its village people of roughly around 300 people and every year they have a tradition where all the townspeople gather around a black box and have to pull a piece of paper out to see what family was to draw again. Then once the family was picked they had to put as many pieces of paper in the box as they have in their family and do it all over again. Once every family member picked out of the box, they had to open and see who go the paper with the black dot. The family member with the paper with the black dot was to be stoned.People all over the world follow traditions, but the real questions is do they know the meaning behind the tradition. Shirley Jackson was born in California.Growing up Shirley was more on the heavy side and her mother was not happy about that. She would make rude comments to her and this made her very upset and develop illness (Rubenstein 310). At the age of 16 she moved to New York with her family (Heller). After having an ineffective year at the University Rochester, she then enrolled to the university of Syracuse at the age of 20 (Heller). At this point now it was time for her own independent life and get away from her mother (Heller). Even after she was grown and had her own family, her mother would still terrorize her and send her mail asking about her weight (Rubenstein 310). This took a toll on her because after now having her own kids she started to doShow MoreRelatedShirley Jackson s The Lottery1872 Words   |  8 Pagesword lottery, they think about someone winning a desirable prize. Unfortunately, this is not the case in a small American town that Shirley Jackson introduces us to in her novel, The Lottery. In this novel, readers get to know a patriarch community that takes part in an unusual annual tradition. In this tradition, the town gathers to play a game. 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TheRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jackson s The Lottery 894 Words   |  4 Pagesinto something magnificent is what author Shirley Jackson achieved with her short story â€Å"The Lottery†. The short story is a brilliant view on tradition. What is normally thought to be a game of joy and winnings is turned into a horrifying ritual that has been blindly executed throughout the years with little reasoning behind it. Though multiple themes tend to arise in stories such as this, the theme â€Å"Fear of change† is the most obvious idea that Jackson seemed to want to get across to the audienceRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jackson s The Lottery Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pages Shirley Jack son is able to convey a deeper understanding of sexism, misogyny, patriarchy, and various gender roles implied by society through the illustration of a corrupt tradition. By breaking down these core concepts in a way which the reader can better comprehend, both Gayle Whittier and Fritz Oehlschlaeger are able to emphasize misogyny and the unfair treatment of women within the short story â€Å"The Lottery.† The patriarchal society is pronounced in the very first few paragraphs of the taleRead MoreSymbolism : A Warn Path, And Shirley Jackson s `` The Lottery ``1636 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolism has been used for hundreds of years it has been used to help writers express different elements of their work. Katherine Mansfield the author of â€Å"Miss Brill,† Eudora Welty author of the short story â€Å"A Warn Path,† and Shirley Jackson author of â€Å"The Lottery† all use symbolism wonderfully in their work. They all use symbolism in a different way but they all use this process to help describe a deeper thought or meaning behind elements of their work. Symbolism is putting a symbolic meaning behind

Character Analysis of Mercutio Essay - 606 Words

Character Analysis of Mercutio Mercutio is always bursting with energy and his speeches are full of extravert ideas. He is very extravagant and wild. All the attention is drawn to him, he brings out the humor in most situations. Shakespeare uses Mercutio to divert the attention to him and to enlighten the scenes causing it to be taken light heartedly. Mercutio is Romeo’s best friend, he is very loyal to him and neutral to the feud . He over shadows Romeo because he is so engaging. His death launches the final tragedy snowball. He seems to take neither life nor death seriously . He is very vibrant and full of energy. He takes†¦show more content†¦Mercutio says dreams are inhabited by the fairy Queen Mab and Romeo is enchanted by her. The dreams he talks about are full of bizarre examples of wishful thinking and vain fantasies. Mercutio is trying to tell Romeo that dreams are just a fantasy. That dreams are just a figment of our imagination. He makes a mockery of dreams making dreams seem so surreal. Mercutio performance of dreams is quite emotional. ‘ I talk of dreams which are the children of an idle brain’. It is clear that he sees dreams as dysfunctional part of children’s brain. Mercutio states that ladies dream of kisses, lawyers wish for more fees and the courtiers wish for someone to courtesy. All the fantasies they are all grasping and self centered. Then dreams he of another benefice’. This implies that people dream to benefit themselves. Mercutio is a contrast to Romeo. His language contrasts with maturing Romeo. Romeo is more focused and serious but on the other hand Mercutio is wild and unserious . Mercutio is more intelligent and unromantic as it seems he hasn’t really had good luck with love. Romeo seems to be fooled by love and falls in love very quickly. Mercutio is very aware of the effects of love. ‘If love be blind, love cannot hit the mark’. 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Understanding Work-Related Injuries Free Essays

Understanding Work Related Injuries HCR230 Understanding Work Related Injuries Claims Process When an injury occurs on the job, it must be reported verbally and in writing to the employer within a certain time period. Once notified the employer must notify the state workers’ compensation office and insurance carrier, within a certain time period. In some cases the employee is given a medical service order to take to the physician for treatment (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Work-Related Injuries or any similar topic only for you Order Now Responsibility of Physician of Record Responsibility of the treating physician or physician of record is to treat the injured or ill employee. This physician treats the patient’s condition and evaluates the percentage of disability and the return-to-work date. The physician of record files a progress report with the insurance carrier each time there is a substantial change in the patient’s condition that affects their disability status or when the state requires (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). Responsibility of Employer and Insurance Carrier Providers submit their charges to the workers’ compensation insurance carrier and are paid directly by the carrier. Charges are limited to an established fee schedule. Patients cannot be billed for any medical expenses. The employer may not be billed for any amount that exceeds the established fee (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). The employer or physician of record is responsible for the First Report of Injury form within a certain time period. The amount of time varies with each state, but ranges from twenty-four hours to ten days. The form contains information about the patient, the employer, the injury or illness. This report can be filed electronically or mailed (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). According to the website (Idaho State Insurance Fund, 2012) when an injury occurs in the State of Idaho, the employer should immediately provide prompt medical attention, transport the injured worker to medical facility, show concern for the injured worker, conduct an investigation, document all details, obtain written statements from injured worker and witness, notify State Insurance Fund immediately if the injury is severe, and complete the First Report of Injury. In Idaho the claims examiner is the primary contact for coordinating all actions relating to medical treatment and finalizing of the claim (Idaho State Insurance Fund, 2012). Responsibility of Employee in the State of Idaho According to the website (Idaho State Insurance Fund, 2012) in the State of Idaho, the injured worker can make the claims process run along promptly by notifying their supervisor immediately, help fill out the First Report of Injury or Illness form completely, make sure their name appears exactly like it does on the company payroll, seek medical attention immediately and ask that all documents are sent to the State Insurance Fund, have their claim number when making any phone calls or returning all documents, attend all scheduled medical appointments, avoid activities that would slow or stop recovery process, cooperate with the Industrial Commission Rehabilitation Division, keep their employer informed of your progress and when they are able to return to work, and inform the State Insurance Fund about changes in their employment status while their claim is open. The insurance carrier assigns a claim number to the case, determines if the claim is eligible for workers’ compensat ion and notifies the employer. This determination is either an Admission of Liability stating the employer is responsible or a Notice of Contest which is a denial of employer liability. The worker must be notified of the determination within the allowed time (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). If the employee is eligible for compensation for lost wages, checks are sent directly to the employee with no taxes deducted. If the claim is denied the employee must pay back all the medical bills associated with the accident. These charges may be submitted to the individuals’ own health insurance carrier for payment (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). Appeals Employees may appeal workers’ compensation decisions. The first step to appeal is to request mediation. A mediator is an impartial individual who works with both parties to obtain a satisfactory outcome. If mediation fails for the employee, there can be a formal legal hearing requested and a judge will hear both sides of the claim and make a decision. If the decision is still not satisfactory then the employee may appeal to a higher court, such as a workers’ compensation appeals board or a state supreme court (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). Workers’ Compensation and the HIPAA Privacy Rule A workers’ compensation case is one of the few situations where a physician can disclose a patient’s health information (PHI) to an employer without the patient’s releasing authorization. Workers’ compensation cases are not subject to the same confidentiality rules as medical records. Some states and federal law allow claims adjusters and employers unrestricted access to workers’ compensation files. A patient does not have the right under the Privacy Rule to request a physician restrict or not disclose their PHI for workers’ compensation purposes when that disclosure is require by law. But the physician does not have the right to disclose any previous condition of the patient that is not directly related to the claim of an employer or insurer, that would require written authorization of the patient (Valerius, Bayes, Newby, Seggern, 2008). References Idaho State Insurance Fund. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. idahosif. org, November 3, 2012. Valerius, J. , Bayes, N. , Newby, C. , Seggern, J. (2008). Medical Insurance: An integrated claims process approach (3rd ed. ). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. How to cite Understanding Work-Related Injuries, Essay examples

Sangguniang Kabataan free essay sample

The constitution is the fundamental law which mandates and recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building to promote and protest the physical, moral, emotional, spiritual and social well-being and indicate patriotism and nationalism as well as encourage youth participation in public and civic affairs. This is concerned on about one-third of the country’s population which is approximately 27 million youth (Sandoval, G. , Mangahas, M. , Guerrero, L. L. , n.d), which can make a difference and can contribute in nation-building, engage in meaningfully and channel insights, energies and talents to useful and needed areas where they can uplift and assert their rights and ensure a better future. A youth legislation body, the Sangguniang Kabataan or SK is supposed to be a training ground for the county’s future leaders giving them a hands-on experience in politics and a chance to be heard; however, for more than two decades of existence in its present set up in the local government, its genuine purpose as stated in Section 423-429 of the Local Government Code was not efficiently met. Thus, it is beneficial and practical that Sangguniang Kabataan and all its amendments and provisions should be totally abolished. In letting the youth participate in local governance as provided by law, it is noted that among the key findings of the studies conducted by the University of the Philippines as commissioned by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) that the SK performance is generally weak (Balanon, F. A. , Ong, M. , Torre, B. , Puzon, M., 2007). There is actually a mismatch between the needs of the youth and actual and corresponding SK projects, which are mostly sports such as basketball games, environmental advocacies such as tree planting, beauty contests and talent shows. The Sangguniang Kabataan was established for a primary purpose to formulate programs that are essential and would answer and address actual needs of the youth which are education, health, livelihood and vices. This is actually supported by psychosocial studies particularly that of Erik Erikson (1959), because SK members are the youth who are more focused on building on their own identities and social relations with peers rather than solving problems with a wide community-based youth legislation. With these points, the Sangguniang Kabataan serves no purpose. On the other hand, some still believe that the youth participation as stated in Section 13 of the 1987 Constitution that SK is the best manifestation and means to enhance and develop the youth to promote the right to take part in the government of the country as well as equal access to public service (Gamboa, 2013). The Sangguniang Kabataan is where the youth can practice actual decision-making and policy making and most of all, this youth legislation serves as an outlet wherein the youth can express their ideas and creative thinking, which serves as a training ground to become future leaders of the country. However, the youth participation in governance is not tantamount to Sangguniang Kabataan and there are available facets and mechanisms wherein the youth can participate actively. The state’s policy recognizing the role of the youth in nation building envisioned under the Constitution is not the mere participation in the Sangguniang Kabataan. The participatory involvement of the youth is not limited to the political arena and there are avenues waiting to be explored where the youthful insights can be attained such as party-list systems and ABS-CBN’s Bayan Mo, Ipatrol Mo. Nonetheless, it has turned into a breeding ground for traditional politics where instead teaching the value of leadership, it is corruption that is taught to the youth at an early age. According to Commission on Elections (COMELEC) Chair, Sixto Brilliantes that SK candidates resorted to the â€Å"hakot† system of herding supporters to local Comelec offices to register, which is a bad practice for their early age (Tubeza, 2013). Other than just churning out younger corrupt future politicians, the SK has also been known to be the training ground for political dynasties, a place where politician families can put their kids to â€Å"learn about† politics until they are of age and can take over the family business (Katigbak, 2013). This seems rather unfair to those who truly want to run for the SK because of a genuine interest in politics and serving the people. They stand no chance running against candidates who are backed by their political families. It is just another place for politicians to gain a stronger foothold. In addition, the budget of the Sangguniang Kabataan together with the barangay election is 3. 4 billion on election expenses alone and not to mention its 10 percent share on barangay funds (Balanon, F. A. , et al, 2007). With the Philippines being a third world country, the amount allocated to the Sangguniang Kabataan is absolutely which can reach up to hundred thousands of pesos depending on the barangay funds. With the SK at hand, enormous amounts of money are being managed by the unripe minds of the youth (Macaraig, 2013). If this budget will be channeled into other avenues that can develop the youth, the constitutional mandate can be further implemented and other youth-related issues will be addressed. The Sangguniang Kabataan’s goal is noble; however, it has been distracted from its vision and goals. For twenty years, the Sangguniang Kabataan existed and twenty years is much a long time to want change to happen. The SK may have executed their duties properly and devotedly but most people cannot feel it collectively that is why this issue emerged. Taxpayers’ money is being wasted; thus, useless allocation of funds must be transferred to where it is needed the most. Given the arguments presented above, the Sangguniang Kabataan must and is necessary to be abolished.

Respect Essays (430 words) - Anti-social Behaviour, Human Behavior

1. Describe a situation in which someone showed respect for you this week? Respect has been shown to me in many little details this week. For example; this year I dint have a economics class, so I decided to visit my counselor and talk to her about it. Mrs.Harbrink was really focused in on what I was trying to tell her. Selina, our volleyball captain is always consedering what not only me but the whole team has to say Last, my mom showed me respect this week by keeping her promise. Although it wasn?t? something too big, her keeping her promise showed me respect. 2. Describe a situation in which you showed respect this week? This week I had CDL three times, but I usually visit every day morning or in between classes. You can't help but to have your favorites..the kid who just steals your heart the moment you see him/her, however , I treat all the kids the same. The last thing I want to do is make them feel left out or not liked. The kids must feel that they are all being treated equally, no special priviledges to any of them. I show them respect by letting them make their own choices by letting them give their own opinion and allowing them to be themelves. 3. What can you do to gain respect? Home school friends.. Golden Rule; Treat others how you want to be treated. At school, around friends, and at home, I believe in order to earn respect you must respect others. At home you can ask when borrowing things. For example: me and my sister wear the same sizes, and we ask each other for permission. Therefore we?re respecting our things and each other. If you feel your being treated unfairly at school, you can talk your teacher about it. Standing up for yourself is something he or she will respect. Around your friends the importance of honesty can be underestimated; if you have the reputation of telling your friends secrets to people, it will be difficult to gain the respect of others. When things go wrong you et tempted to look for someone or something to blame. It takes a certain amount of courage to just be honest and accept things didn?t go as planned, In the long run honesty will be appreciated. Look for three situatins in which you can show respect for an elderly person. Giving up your seat for an elderly person. No yellin at you parents grandparents etc.. Openig the door for them(: