Germany, 1918-1945 – Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was the first peace keeping treaty after the First World War. Its aims were to demilitarise, claim compensation and to keep peace with Germany. The signing of the treaty was humiliating and a great embarrassment for Germany and therefore Germany wasn't represented. It was only the victors who attended. In the end, Germany resulted in a great loss of land. Germany also had to pay for the damage it had caused. These were called Respiration Payments, which were instalments of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6600 million. They couldn't pay it because their land had been taken away and had loses to amend, too. Because of this, Germany had to print more money to pay the instalments. Money then lost its value, which led to hyperinflation. Germany's armed forces were cut to 100,000 people; the navy was allowed 6 battleships and no U-boats. They weren't allowed to have an airforce at all. Of course, this upset Germany's armed forces as the majority of them were laid off. This all Helped Hitler's rise to power because the armed forces were out of jobs and Hitler promised reforms of change to put it straight which encouraged the armed forces to vote for him. Not only was it the armed forces who were angry and frustrated but so too was the general public who felt humiliated and vulnerable for reduction of armed f orces and all the other terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Therefore, Hitler was able to build on that. When writing ‘Mein Kampf' (My Struggle) Hitler used the depression and economic difficulties on communists and Jews as a scapegoat. This fed into that the Treaty of Versailles gave something for him to use his oratory skills towards. Question 2. Long-term is something that has been going on over a long period of time. Short term is a trigger effect. It's something that sparks it of. A short-term effect that contributed to Hitler's rise to power is that the Enabling Law was passed in 1933. This allowed Hitler to do basically anything including the more important element of outlawing opposition. Therefore the Nazi would be the only political party in Germany. This had a dramatic effect in a short period of time as Hitler then came to power in 1934-one year after being promoted to Chancellor. This proved himself to be a dominant and powerful character for the job-just what Germany needed. This is good as Germany felt humiliated after the First World War and then the Treaty of Versailles and needed someone, like Hitler, to regain Germany's strength and self-control. This obviously would tie in with the long-term effects. The Reichstag Fire was also a short-term effect. After studying previous work on the Reichstag Fire, I have come to the conclusion that Hitler started the fire on purpose in order to gain the public vote. This benefited Hitler and contributed to his rise to power as he denied lighting the fire and instead, insisted it was a communist plot as a scapegoat. It got the public thinking that if communists are the cause of the Reichstag Fire then they could quite possibly be the blame of Germany's other problems, like Hitler was saying. This begun to get the German public to agree with Hitler's views and therefore voted for him. On 8th November 1923, Hitler, with the SA, broke into a meeting held by three leaders of the Bavarian government. He forced the leaders to tell their audience that they would give the Nazis their full support by putting a gun to one of their heads. Hitler gained recognition not only for the Putsch but also for the trial that took place later. His 24-day trial reached the front page on a daily basis. He twisted the trial so even though he still went to prison, he drummed up much support. He made the November Criminals the traitors and made himself look like the â€Å"saviour† of the German people. He was such an orator that the way he spoke influenced the judges on their decisions. That is why Hitler was only given 5 years with the chance of parole after just six months. Perhaps the sentence he was given can be seen as a major benefactor in him taking power. Another short-term effect that helped Hitler's rise to power was on the 30th June 1934 when Hitler radioed a signal to Berlin for the SS (bodyguard) to smash the SA (Storm troopers) in the events known as the ‘Night of the Long Knives'. Members of the SA were rounded up by the SS and taken to prison and were later butchered. Although this seems like an unusual way to go about getting the public approval, it was taken with gratitude by the public. This is because the SA was too violent. Their actions were scaring some of Hitler's supporters such as big businesses, the ruling elites, and the general public. They were a large, intimidating group of up to three million. So Hitler was seen as a saviour and the public began to agree with his policies even more. Long-term effects such as the Treaty of Versailles contributed to his rise to power. The public felt humiliated and vulnerable to the defeat of World War One and then the Treaty of Versailles. The public of Germany obviously was very angry and wanted something done about it. So, with the aid of Hitler's oratory skills, his personality and leadership, Hitler detested the terms of the Treaty of Versailles in his speeches and like the public, wanted something done about it. Therefore, he promised to make changes in order to regain Germany's humiliating losses. This helped as the public shared the same views as Hitler and so supported him. Then there was the economic depression of 1923 and then 1929. The facts that Germany couldn't afford the Respiration Payments, there was masses of unemployment, higher taxes and hyperinflation meant that Germany was loosing hope. They already were receiving loans from USA to help pay of Respiration Payments. Then when Hitler uses his oratory skills and protests he will lower the taxes, lower the unemployment status, set a new currency to stop inflation, Germany believed they had nothing to loose. So, this too, helps Hitler's rise to power. One other element of Hitler's rise to power is his oratory skills. Since he began his rise to power, he had always been a powerful and meaningful speaker. Hitler, although being a quiet man, was an excellent public speaker. Often, he was able work a crowded room into frenzy, yelling and cheering in support. He used his speaking ability persuade people to support his ideas and party. He dressed in uniform to put emphasis on his overwhelming sense of control and power, he used his hands to also express himself and he raised his voice in order to give a great impact for his audience. All in all, I believe the short term and long term combine together. It is possible to say that the long-term effects wouldn't have been much use without the short-term effects and visa-versa. Therefore, short-term effects are just as important and play a vital role in Hitler's rise to power, just as much as long-term. Question 3 I believe the Treaty of Versailles was a major element in Hitler's rise to power. If it weren't for the Treaty of Versailles then Hitler's rise to power would be very much different in relation to what it was. The fact that he was able to use his oral skills to put across the shared views of public about the Treaty of Versailles and then build on that links the two together. I feel that the Treaty of Versailles sparked much unwanted controversy within the German Republic. Germany was so unhappy and humiliated both with the defeat of World War One and the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. So to have a powerful speaker in uniform, standing up and protesting that the Treaty of Versailles was wrong and in conjunction, agreeing with the German public, was a great relief for Germany. Coinciding with this, the Munich Putsch happened at a time of hyperinflation, economic depression just after the Treaty of Versailles. Which obviously reinforces my argument that it was very much the Treaty o f Versailles, which brought all the other financial and economic difficulties in Germany. I also think that the Economic Depression has influential reasons why Hitler rose to power, too. It was the long period of time when Germany, economically, socially and politically collapsed and money became worthless from hyperinflation etc. this was the Economic Depression. It was a time of deep despair; Germany was in the grip of this great depression with a population suddenly finding themselves in a state of poverty, misery and uncertainty, whilst in the middle of a rapidly growing political instability. However, there were other significant elements that combined with Hitler's rise to power. So much so that if you were to rule out one then it would affect another (they're linked). All of the other reasons include; The Munich Putsch, the Night of the Long Knives, Hitler's oratory, personality and leadership, the decision by Von Papen and Hildenburg to appoint him as Chancellor in 1933, and the Enabling Law. The Enabling Law was a short-term effect but a vital one as it allowed him to outlaw opposition, which meant, what he said, was law. Without this and Hildenburg's decision linked, Hitler would most certainly not have made it to be leader. Hildenburg thought that appointing Hitler as Chancellor, they could keep control of him-how wrong they were! And indeed there are other factors that aren't mentioned. One being is the Reichstag Fire of which Hitler blamed on the Communists as a scapegoat. Without this, the Nazi's would probably had been virtually unknown and still holding meetings in the Reichstag hall-not ideal for a political party. The employment status was so negative that for Hitler, his long awaited opportunity to reach out to the German people had arrived. At this point in the German nation the citizens, downtrodden and tired of their economic situation, were more than willing too listen to someone with ideas or visions of a brighter and certainly more stable Germany. The main reason why the Treaty of Versailles overthrows the Economic Depression, narrowly, and is the most influential above all of the others is because it was the beginning of an ongoing unhappiness, which ties in with the Economic Depression. I am probably liable to say that without the Treaty of Versailles, Germany wouldn't have had the Economic Depression because money would of still had its value, currency, taxes wouldn't have gone up and there wouldn't have been any Respiration Payments. It was the symbolic element of which the Nazis were able to build their political views upon. The reason why Hitler became so popular over the Treaty of Versailles was because the terms of the Treaty were tough to compromise with that it led to most other effects. These propelled the Nazi party to new heights of daring, which was highly linked with the speeches Hitler gave and the promotional stunts that the Nazi party held. The party's tactics were very good and effective in their rise to power. However the success was really thanks to Hitler and the character that in the beginning I believe he was portraying but later became. I believe that if the Treaty was not brought forward, the country wouldn't have stumbled into a state of depression and Hitler would never have successfully raised the amount of strong morale that he did, mainly due to pure human conscience. Not many people believe in the majority of the Nazi party's actions and politics. However, there were usually one or two points mostly of unemployment or the stabilising of money, of which the Treaty of Versailles was the cause of; that no one else had offered the German sufferers until then. Their time was that moment; to be the biggest and the best organised and supported party that Germany had had since the war. The people did not know that Hitler's rise to power could cause another.

The Effects of Wolf Predation

Abstract: This paper discusses four hypotheses to explain the effects of wolf predation on prey populations of large ungulates. The four proposed hypotheses examined are the predation limiting hypothesis, the predation regulating hypothesis, the predator pit hypothesis, and the stable limit cycle hypothesis. There is much research literature that discusses how these hypotheses can be used to interpret various data sets obtained from field studies. It was concluded that the predation limiting hypothesis fit most study cases, but that more research is necessary to account for multiple predator – multiple prey relationships. The effects of predation can have an enormous impact on the ecological organization and structure of communities. The processes of predation affect virtually every species to some degree or another. Predation can be defined as when members of one species eat (and/or kill) those of another species. The specific type of predation between wolves and large ungulates involves carnivores preying on herbivores. Predation can have many possible effects on the interrelations of populations. To draw any correlations between the effects of these predator-prey interactions requires studies of a long duration, and statistical analysis of large data sets representative of the populations as a whole. Predation could limit the prey distribution and decrease abundance. Such limitation may be desirable in the case of pest species, or undesirable to some individuals as with game animals or endangered species. Predation may also act as a major selective force. The effects of predator prey coevolution can explain many evolutionary adaptations in both predator and prey species. The effects of wolf predation on species of large ungulates have proven to be controversial and elusive. There have been many different models proposed to describe the processes operating on populations influenced by wolf predation. Some of the proposed mechanisms include the predation limiting hypothesis, the predation regulating hypothesis, the predator pit hypothesis, and the stable limit cycle hypothesis (Boutin 1992). The purpose of this paper is to assess the empirical data on population dynamics and attempt to determine if one of the four hypotheses is a better model of the effects of wolf predation on ungulate population densities. The predation limiting hypothesis proposes that predation is the primary factor that limits prey density. In this non- equilibrium model recurrent fluctuations occur in the prey population. This implies that the prey population does not return to some particular equilibrium after deviation. The predation limiting hypothesis involves a density independent mechanism. The mechanism might apply to one prey – one predator systems (Boutin 1992). This hypothesis predicts that losses of prey due to predation will be large enough to halt prey population increase. Many studies support the hypothesis that predation limits prey density. Bergerud et al. (1983) concluded from their study of the interrelations of wolves and moose in the Pukaskwa National Park that wolf predation limited, and may have caused a decline in, the moose population, and that if wolves were eliminated, the moose population would increase until limited by some other regulatory factor, such as food availability. However, they go on to point out that this upper limit will not be sustainable, but will eventually lead to resource depletion and population decline. Seip (1992) found that high wolf predation on caribou in the Quesnel Lake area resulted in a decline in the population, while low wolf predation in the Wells Gray Provincial Park resulted in a slowly increasing population. Wolf predation at the Quesnel Lake area remained high despite a fifty percent decline in the caribou population, indicating that mortality due to predation was not density-dependent within this range of population densities. Dale et al. (1994), in their study of wolves and caribou in Gates National Park and Preserve, showed that wolf predation can be an important limiting factor at low caribou population densities, and may have an anti-regulatory effect. They also state that wolf predation may affect the distribution and abundance of caribou populations. Bergerud and Ballard (1988), in their interpretation of the Nelchina caribou herd case history, said that during and immediately following a reduction in the wolf population, calf recruitment increased, which should result in a future caribou population increase. Gasaway et al. (1983) also indicated that wolf predation can sufficiently increase the rate of mortality in a prey population to preventthe population's increase. Even though there has been much support of this hypothesis, Boutin (1992) suggests that â€Å"there is little doubt that predation is a limiting factor, but in cases where its magnitude has been measured, it is no greater than other factors such as hunting.† A second hypothesis about the effects of wolf predation is the predation regulating hypothesis, which proposes that predation regulates prey densities around a low-density equilibrium. This hypothesis fits an equilibrium model, and assumes that following deviation, prey populations return to their pre-existing equilibrium levels. This predator regulating hypothesis proposes that predation is a density-dependent mechanism affecting low to intermediate prey densities, and a density-independent mechanism at high prey densities. Some research supports predation as a regulating mechanism. Messier (1985), in a study of moose near Quebec, Canada, draws the conclusion that wolf-ungulate systems, if regulated naturally, stabilize at low prey and low predator population densities. In Messier's (1994) later analysis, based on twenty-seven studies where moose were the dominant prey species of wolves, he determined that wolf predation can be density-dependent at the lower range of moose densities. This result demonstrates that predation is capable of regulating ungulate populations. Even so, according to Boutin (1992) more studies are necessary, particularly at high moose densities, to determine if predation is regulatory. A third proposal to model the effects of wolf predation on prey populations is the predator pit hypothesis. This hypothesis is a multiple equilibria model. It proposes that predation regulates prey densities around a low-density equilibrium. The prey population can then escape this regulation once prey densities pass a certain threshold. Once this takes place, the population reaches an upper equilibrium. At this upper equilibrium, the prey population densities are regulated by competition for (and or availability of) food. This predator pit hypothesis assumes that predator losses are density-dependent at low prey densities, but inversely density-dependent at high prey densities. Van Ballenberghe (1985) states that wolf population regulation is needed when a caribou herd population declines and becomes trapped in a predator pit, wherein predators are able to prevent caribou populations from increasing. The final model that attempts to describe the effects of predation on prey populations is the stable limit cycle hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that vulnerability of prey to predation depends on past environmental conditions. According to this theory, individuals of a prey population born under unfavorable conditions are more vulnerable to predation throughout their adult lives than those born under favorable conditions. This model would produce time lags between the proliferation of the predator and the prey populations, in effect generating recurring cycles. Boutin (1992) states that if this hypothesis is correct, the effects of food availability (or the lack of) should be more subtle than outright starvation. Relatively severe winters could have long- term effects by altering growth, production, and vulnerability. Thompson and Peterson (1988) reported that there are no documented cases of wolf predation imposing a long-term limit on ungulate populations independent of environmental influences. They also point out that summer moose calf mortality was high whether predators were present or not, and that snow conditions during the winter affected the vulnerability of calves to predation. Messier (1994) asserts that snow accumulation during consecutive winters does not create a cumulative impact on the nutritional status of deer and moose. All of the four proposed theories mentioned above could describe the interrelationships between the predation of wolves and their usual north american prey of large ungulate species. There has been ample evidence presented in the primary research literature to support any one of the four potential models. The predation limiting hypothesis seems to enjoy wide popular support, and seems to most accurately describe most of the trends observed in predator-prey populations. Most researchers seem to think that more specific studies need to be conducted to find an ideal model of the effects of predation. Bergerud and Ballard (1988) stated â€Å"A simple numbers argument regarding prey:predator ratios overlooks the complexities in multi-predator-prey systems that can involve surplus killing, additive predation between predators, enhancement and interference between predator species, switch over between prey species, and a three-fold variation in food consumption rates by wolves.† Dale et al. (1994) stated that further knowledge of the factors affecting prey switching, such as density-dependent changes in vulnerability within and between prey species, and further knowledge of wolf population response is needed to draw any firm conclusions. Boutin (1992) also proposed that the full impact of predation has seldom been measured because researchers have concentrated on measuring losses of prey to wolves only. Recently, bear predation on moose calves has been found to be substantial, but there are few studies which examine this phenomenon (Boutin 1992). Messier (1994) also pointed out that grizzly and black bears may be important predators of moose calves during the summer. Seip (1992), too, states that bear predation was a significant cause of adult caribou mortality. These points emphasize that multiple-predator and multiple-prey systems are probably at work in the natural environment, and we must not over generalize a one predator – one prey hypothesis in the attempt to interpret the overall trends of the effects of predation of wolves on large ungulate populations.

Charles Dickens Essays - Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Ports Mouth, Hampshire. In his infancy his family moved to Chatham, where he spent his happiest years and often refers to this time in his novels (1817-1822). From 1822 to 1860 he lived in London, after which he permanently moved to a quiet country cottage in Glads Hill, on the outskirts of Chatham. He grew up in a middle class family. His father was a clerk in the navy pay office and was well paid, but his extravagant living style often brought the family to financial disaster. The family reached financial "rock bottom" in 1824. Charles was taken out of school and sent to work in a factory doing manual labour, while his father went to prison for his debt. These internal disasters shocked Charles greatly. He refers to his working experiences in his writings. Although he hated doing labour, he gained a sympathetic knowledge into the life of the labour class. He also brings forth the images of prison and of the lost and oppressed child in many novels. His schooling ended at 15, and he became a clerk in a solicitor's office, then a short hand reporter in the lawcourts (where he gained much knowledge of legalities which he used in his novels), and finally like other members of his family, a newspaper reporter. Here, he got his first taste of journalism and fell in love with it immediately. Drawn to the theatre, Charles Dickens almost pursued the career of an actor In 1833, he began sending short stories and descriptive essays to small magazines and newspapers. These writings attracted attention and were published in 1836 under the name, Sketches by "Boz". At the same time, he was offered a small job of writing the text for a small comic strip, where he worked with a well know artist. Seven weeks later, the first instalment of The Pickwick Papers appeared. Within a few months Pickwick was the rage and Dickens was the most popular author of the day. During 1836, he also wrote two plays and a pamphlet, he then resigned from his newspaper job, and undertook the editing job of a monthly magazine, Bentley's Miscellany, in which he serialized Oliver Twist (1837-1839). By this time, the first of his nine surviving children had been born, He had married Catherine, eldest daughter of a respected journalist George Hogorth (April 1836). Novels His first major success was with The Pickwick Papers. They were high spirited and contained many conventional comic butts and jokes. Pickwick displayed, many of the features that were to be blended in to his future fiction works; attacks on social evils and the delight in the joys of Christmas. Rapidly thought up and written in mere weeks or even days before its publication date, Pickwick contained weak style and was unsatisfactory in all, partly because Dickens was rapidly developing his craft as a novelist while doing it. This style of writing in a first novel, made his name know literally overnight, but created a new tradition of literature and was made one of the best know novel's of the world. After The Pickwick Papers were published in 1837, he put together another novel, Oliver Twist. Though his artistic talent is very much evident, he refrained from using the successful formula used in The Pickwick Papers. Instead, Oliver Twist is more concerned with social and more evil, though it did still contain much comedy. The long last of his fiction is partly due to its being so easy to adapt into effective stage plays. Sometimes 20 London theatres simultaneously were producing adaptations of his latest story; so even non- readers became acquainted with simplified versions of his works. In the novel Barnaby Grudge he attempted another type of writing, a historical novel. It was set in the late 18th century and graphically explored the spectacle of large scale mob violence. The task of keeping unity throughout his novels (which often included a wide range of moods and materials and several complicated plots involving scores of characters) was made even more difficult because he was forced to write and publish them, while also doing on going serials. His next major work, and probably his most famous was published in 1843, and was called A Christmas Carol. Suddenly conceived and written in mere weeks, while he was preoccupied in writing another serial, it was an unmatched achievement. His view of life was described as "Christmas Philosophy," and he spoke of "Carol philosophy" as the basis of his work. He

Birth control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Birth control - Essay Example In China’s case, it is the state which advocates, encourages and enforces birth control without any hindrance but in other country such as Philippines, this is strongly opposed to making the issue complicated that it is difficult to determine which is right or wrong. The process of the research was not that difficult because I am already familiar with the state policy of China about birth control being a Chinese descent myself. I already have a working knowledge of the government’s policy about birth control and I only have to supplement it with a peer reviewed journal to validate what is already known to me. These comparisons of two extreme cases of how birth control is perceived only illustrate that there is no absolute perspective that could be taken as universally right about birth control. It is hoped that with the completion of this paper, the reader may be able to accept that the perspective about birth control really depends according to one’s need, cultu re, religion and preference and that there is no universally applicable perspective about it. The complexity of the issue of birth control Birth control is a very complex issue. The arguments and policies that support or negate birth control varies with each state that it is very hard to tell which one is right and which one is wrong. There are states that use birth control deliberately as a tool for economic development and often enforced by the state. This often brings complications on the issue such as what I witnessed with the mother of my high school best friend Li, when she had another baby. Although this should not be a problem with the rest of the world because my best friend’s family can support an additional child, the state does not allow this that she was forced to have an abortion. The complication however is not limited to China. There are also countries that see birth control differently that it is not only frowned upon but even strongly opposed making the issu e of birth control complicated that it is difficult to adopt a one universally accepted perspective about it. We can take two extreme cases as an example to illustrate how complex the issue of birth control is. In China for example, birth control had been taken to the extreme by the state where couples are only allowed to have one child under the â€Å"one child policy† of the government (Muhua and Chen 349). This is implemented under that pretext of socialist development of â€Å"National economic development must observe the law of planned and proportionate development. This law requires not only that the . . . production of material means ... but also that human reproduction develop in a planned way† (Muhua and Chen 350). This means that the population is controlled by the government in accordance to its developmental plan and strictly enforced. In plain language, the government mandates that people in China is allowed to only have one child and beyond that, people will be heavily taxed and the child be deprived of social service. These penalties are strongly enforced enough to become a deterrent among couples in China to have more than one child. I personally have seen how this policy is at work when the mother of my best friend in high school named Li became pregnant that she was forced to have an abortion because the second child was deemed illegal. It may seem that a life will become illegal in China but it is a state policy that having more than one chil

Impacts of Organizational Cultures Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Impacts of Organizational Cultures - Assignment Example The cultures can be detrimental or beneficial to the organization as discussed in this essay. For the positive influences, organizational culture improves the morale of employees. Employees with a better understanding of their organization’s culture have a good grasp of their goals. They tend to cooperate with the needs of the customers, fellow customers, and managers. They understand that they are part of the investment, and they do their best to demonstrate loyalty. Workers in a healthy environment show commitment, and as a result, improve the productivity of the organization (Clampitt, 2012). Organizational cultures also help form unity among employees. The members of the organization take prompts from managers as part of forming cultures. Once they agree and adopt the norms of the firm, the norms in turn form bonds between the employees and management. The unity makes the members a team and they tend to focus on the entire success of a business, but not personal gains (Clampitt, 2012). The last benefit is that the organizational culture helps retain and attract talented individuals. Companies with good organizational culture retain employees for a long period. A company such as Coca-Cola has flexible working hours, allows casual dress codes, and provides international working opportunities (Clampitt, 2012). Its employees hardly leave the company because the company’s internal environment is friendly to them. Most researchers attribute the availability of well-defined cultures in organizations as the key to retention of talented and hardworking employees (Campitt, 2012). The first negative aspect of cultures in the internal environment and employees is that they can be unavoidable. The business owner might not be aware of its existence and may be busy trying to lift it off the ground, but the cultures can facilitate its uplift. The culture ends up being an obstacle to the company’s growth.  Ã‚  

FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

FINANCIAL REPORTING & ANALYSIS - Essay Example counting standards include a constant approach towards solving of problems and do not present a sequence of ad hoc reactions that deal with the accounting issues. The main function of the framework is to support the International Accounting Standard Board in the progress of consistent and coherent accounting standards. The conceptual model is not referred to a standard, although it directs in the preparation of financial statement in order to facilitate them to determine accounting issues. It is an extremely influential and important document which helps the users to understand the function as well as the limitation of the financial reporting (Ruppel, 2010). The conceptual framework is an existing subject because it is being amended as a combined project with the International Accounting Standard Board’s American Counterparts; the FASB (Financial Accounting Standard Board). However, the conceptual framework is being criticised for not accomplishing its functional goals, mainly that of offering a base for directing standard-setting and resolving accounting arguments. The main rationale behind this project is to highlight the criticism of financial accounting and problems with prevailing conceptual framework. The aims of universal purpose financial reports are also taken into consideration. The purpose of the theoretical/conceptual framework is to build up an enhanced framework which offers a sound base for developing the future accounting models. Such a structure is crucial in fulfilling the Board’s objective of developing benchmarks that are value based, internally reliable, and that show the way to the financial reporting; which gives the information to the capital providers who requires to make judgments in their capability as wealth providers. Moreover, the new Financial Accounting Standard Board framework will be constructed on the prevailing framework (Fasb, 2014). Although the prevailing conceptual framework has assisted the International Accounting

The Manson Murders Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Manson Murders - Term Paper Example He got to know Mary Brunner, a 23-year-old graduate of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and moved in with her. He made her agree to his bringing other women to her resident and soon they were sharing her residence with 18 other women. Manson established himself as a guru in San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury which was emerging as the signature hippie locale in 1967’s Summer of Love. He had many followers who travelled with him in an old school bus which they had re-wrought in hippie style. They travelled as far north as Washington state, then southward through Los Angeles, Mexico, and the southwest. They picked up many other proponents of their beliefs who joined their group from all over the places that they had travelled. The group is known as the Manson family. In the late spring of 1968, Dennis Wilson of The Beach Boys picked up two hitch-hiking girls of the Manson Family. This resulted in his meeting with Charles Manson. The two became well acquainted soon a nd Wilson allowed him to stay at his house in Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, with his â€Å"family†. Wilson paid $100000 that was accrued to him due to the family. He also paid for Manson’s recording sessions and introduced him to Gregg Jakobson, Terry Melcher, and Rudi Altobelli. Rudi Altobelli owned a house that he soon rented to actress Sharon Tate and her husband, director Roman Polanski. The family was asked to move out of Wilson’s house by his manager and the whole family relocated to Spahn's Movie Ranch not far from Topanga Canyon in August 1968. They did helpful work at the ranch with the women giving sexual pleasure to George Spahn, the 80-year old owner of the ranch. The group was joined by Charles Watson who was a Texan and had moved to California after quitting college. He met Manson while he was hitch-hiking and Watson gave him a ride. Manson had established the family at alternate headquarters in the surroundings of Death Valley during the first da ys of November 1968. They had acquired two more ranches. One of them was Myers which was owned by the grandmother of a new woman in the family. Second was Barker which was owned by an elderly, local woman. The family had represented themselves as musicians to that woman and she agreed to let them stay if they would fix up things. (Sanders, 2002) The Beatles’ â€Å"White Album† had a great impact on the Manson family. Manson thought that the Beatles had given a hidden message to all the whites and the racial tension was going to be intensified in America. He convinced his group that the blacks were soon going to rise in rebellion against the whites. He predicted a disaster and told his group that they were intimated in the album that they were chosen to preserve the worthy in the upcoming catastrophe. In early January 1969, the Family positioned itself to monitor L.A.'s assumed tension by moving to a canary-yellow home in Canoga Park, near the Spahn Ranch. By February 1 969, the family created an album containing songs similar to those of The Beatles’ album. Manson’s vision was thought of as completed and the family had established that the murders of whites by blacks would not be devoid of retaliation by whites. In short, the family was anticipated a riot and was looking to play an active part in the favor of whites. They made plans to cause harm to the rebellious blacks with escape strategies. Manson named the impending apocalypse "Helter-Skelter.† They were told that Terry Melcher was coming to listen to their

Critical reading reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical reading reflection - Essay Example benefits such as leave for maternal and paternal applications; child-related issues (tax exemption, according family allowances, provision of social welfare assistance); and child support when in custody of the state or through foster parents. From among the assessment measures that Krull discussed, the impact on policies to child and adult poverty was comprehensively presented, to include historical and comparative performance from the time policymakers passed a resolution that earmarked the need to eradicate child poverty by the year 2000 (Krull). An evaluation was likewise reviewed on the implications of policies implemented on child care where it was recommended that a closer look at Quebec’s family policy model which actively implements a universal child care program and addresses poverty of the family through taking into consideration facets of addressing unemployment. As such, it was proposed that Quebec’s family policy model should be emulated for more effective results. One strongly believes that the main points that were presented and discussed by the author have been duly supported and validated. The issues on family and child-related policies were effectively discussed using the most appropriate choice of benefits that were accessed. A discussion of the assessment measures was also validated as a means to measure the performance of these policies and the outcomes that ensued from the times relevant resolutions were enacted. The discussion on the effect of the resolution aiming to eradicate child poverty, for instance, was presented in a comprehensive and cohesive manner which were supported using statistics and the support from credible secondary sources. The overall discussion of main issues used reliable and credible support through narrative discourse, historical references, statistics, and provision of examples. The structure of overall presentation was clear and straightforward through the use of logical approach. A theoretical framework

In-school Suspension and Off-school Suspension Essay

In-school Suspension and Off-school Suspension - Essay Example On the other hand, out-of-school suspension (OSS) is an act to keep away the student from school for short-term periods (Saint Helens , 1998). This temporary keeping away of the student is in lieu of investigation that can lead to removal of the student from the school itself, or pending the implementation of some definite measures such as internment through the action of the court, or mental or physical assessment. When the student is suspended, he or she is informed of the acts that constitute the charges, and also the fact of suspension on account of these charges (Saint Helens , 1998). In-school suspension (ISS) has several benefits over out of school suspension. An obvious important benefit is that the student does not have to break off his or her learning by being suspended from the school. The benefits of ISS include (District of Columbia , n.d.): The students who face suspension continue to be taught though in an atmosphere that is restrictive. Everyday they are also provided counseling individually and in a group. They are provided with the opportunities at identifying remedies for their problems (Collins, 1985). The objectives are to pro-actively lead the students to come back to the normal group of students as fast as possible and lastingly too, raise self-worth, heighten the consciousness of oneself, and lessen the troublesome and disorderly conduct. A change in outlook of these students to those who are in authority, increasing their capacity to identify their own strong and positive abilities, enhancing their confidence to own up and be responsible for their actions and improving those areas that they lack or are deficit in (Collins, 1985). They are also encouraged to seek ways to resolve any problems that they may have at home. Attendance is not improved by ISS and it shows a high recidivism rate. However, ISS does not seem to show a decline in disruptive behaviors especially in those students who have behavioral disorders (Yancey, 2001). According to Stage (1997, p.72), "There were no apparent effects of the in-school suspension interventions on classroom disruptive behavior, since there were no systematic differences in disruptive classroom behavior by in-school suspension phase. In fact, the rate of student disruptive behavior remained rather constant across the four in-school suspension interventions, indicating that no type of in-school suspension generalized to classroom behavior any more efficaciously than another" (cited in Yancey, 2001). Pros and Cons of OSS OSS is resorted to mostly in offences that are both trivial and avertable like breaking of the rules of the school which actually does not in any way pose a threat or lead to any violence; at best this is a device to retain a safe school environment (Bruns, Moore, Stephan, Pruitt & Weist, 2005). On the contrary, there are clear indications that OSS, in

Financial analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Financial analysis - Research Paper Example Return on equity is one of the most important ratios used to analyze the performance of the company. Investors and management of the company use returns on equity to analyze the performance and profitability of the company. DuPont ratio analysis is used to decompose the returns on equity of both the companies. By decomposing different elements that influence the returns on equity of companies, this report identifies important areas that help in increasing or decreasing the returns on equity. There are different elements that influence the returns on equity and some of these elements are Tax Burden, Interest Burden, Operating Margin, Asset Turnover and Leverage Ratios. DuPont analysis is applied on the two companies under study; Apple and BlackBerry, but this report also uses the data of other industry important players to analyze the factors that influence the ROE of the company. Industry players that are used in this report are Motorola Solutions, Inc. (MSI) -NYSE, Nokia Corporation (NOK) -NYSE, Microsoft Corporation (MSFT) -NasdaqGS, Hewlett-Packard Company (HPQ) -NYSE, International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) -NYSE). It has been found that Apple has performed the better when compared with Blackberry and average of the industry as ROE of the company has been higher than Blackberry as well as higher than Industry averages. Moreover, it has been found that the returns on equity of Apple have been showing an increasing trend in the last five years whereas the returns on equity of Blackberry have been showing a declining trend. In the years 2008 and 2009, ROE of blackberry was higher than Apple but the ratio was more or less the same in the year 2010. However the returns of Apple kept on increasing and these returns exceeded the returns of Blackberry. Therefore ROE of Apple was higher than ROE of Blackberry in 2011 and 2012. Moody’s Bond Rating criteria are also used to analyze

Nature vs. Nurture essayPosted by admin as Essays Essay Example for Free

Nature vs. Nurture essayPosted by admin as Essays Essay The natural characteristics of a person can either be quite similar or quite different to the unnatural characteristics of a person. The natural characteristics of a person are the traits that come from their parents; the ones that people are born with which are genetical. These traits are developed biologically. The unnatural characteristics of a person, or the nurtured characteristics, are the traits that people develop themselves after they are born. The environment of a person’s life greatly determines their personality. The traits a person has that they weren’t born with are the traits that the environment has influenced on them. There are many traits that I have inherited naturally through genetics from my mom and dad. I can tell that my work ethic has been inherited from my dad because he is a very hard worker and I also strive to achieve my personal best. My mom tends to be very sensitive at times and concerned for other people’s feelings, which I know, I have inherited. I have also inherited my dad’s super mathematical skills and my mom’s artistic abilities. I can also tell that I have inherited a good sense of well being from my mom. There are also many behaviors that I have developed from the environment I grew up in. I have learned to respect all people from being influenced at school and by my parents. I’ve also been trained to be responsible of things such as doing my work. I learned that if I am not responsible and don’t do my work, then I must pay bad consequences. I have also learned from experiences that if I do what I am supposed to do, I may be rewarded for it. I have been influenced to do something that will benefit myself and be rewarded for good things done. My environment has influenced me in many ways to act upon certain things automatically. Things like looking both ways before crossing the street, or other things that appear to be common sense are learned from nurture. I believe that my personality is a combination of both nature and nurture. I think that I am probably more nurtured though. I have gone through many experiences in which I have learned different lessons. These lessons have taught me how to act in my life. I know that I am a very different person than my mom or my dad. I don’t have very much in common with either of them. Although we do share some of the same aspects, I feel that I am more different from them than alike. I have developed the majority of my social skills from my friends and not my parents. Most of my social life revolves around my friends, who have influenced me in a lot of the decisions I make and in the way I act. I don’t socialize with my parents nearly as much as I do with my peers. I don’t think I know my parents well enough to say if I am like them when they are around their friends or not though. My personality is also partly nature though because I find that I do think like my parents sometimes. Most of the time I find that I think more like my friends because I am around them a lot more. My parents and I share a lot of the same opinions too, and not just because I grew up thinking the same way they do. The nature and nurture of a person can vary greatly. Sometimes there are certain things that are hard to decide whether they are inherited or learned. I might share some qualities with my parents, but they could just be characteristics that I learned in my life that my parents also learned in their lives too and weren’t inherited. I believe that genes indicate the potential for one’s behavior and personality, and that the environment helps create the extent as to how that behavior is carried out.

Understanding the Risks and Benefits of Importing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Risks and Benefits of Importing Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Essay In April, 2009, the national headlines were dominated with the story of a small, rogue group of modern day pirates who somehow managed to hijack highly armed American ships off of the coast of Somalia; these pirates were motivated by the huge financial gains to be had by stealing from the ships that are used to import liquefied natural gas (LNG), petroleum, and other energy resources from around the world, but primarily the middle east, a highly volatile region of the world for decades (Cordesman, 2004). While in itself the magnitude of what a small group of determined individuals were able to achieve is horrifying in its impact, there is a larger issue which came to light in the midst of the incident. That issue is a fair examination of the relative risks and benefits, specifically, of importing LNG to the United States. With this issue in mind, this research will explore several key facets of the question. Upon completion of the research, a better understanding of the overall topic will have been gained. This topic is especially interesting, as it encompasses the sub-topics of the energy crisis of the 21st century, international political complications, and much more. Risks of Importing Liquefied Natural Gas To begin, it is important to truly understand the risks of importing LNG; as with so many other facets of this topic, there are a wide variety of aspects to consider when tackling this pivotal question. While the threat of terrorism aimed at the United States has been a factor for decades, in the aftermath of the horrors of the 9/11 attacks, a renewed level of concern emerged for the protection of domestic chemical storage and transportation facilities against possible acts of sabotage. LNG facilities were identified as potentially attractive targets for terrorists, as the destruction of LNG supplies could dramatically affect the productivity of the nation, and the general perception is that LNG is highly explosive, which in fact will be dispelled later in this research. At any rate, ships bringing LNG to the US, especially in a post-9/11 world, are ripe targets for terrorist attack, representing a tremendous risk to those who are involved in the actual transportation of imported LNG (Johnson, et al, 2005). While LNG may not pose a huge threat once it is brought onto land, there is evidence to indicate that in the transportation of LNG via the tanker ships which are used to transport it, in the event of an LNG spill at sea, the effects could be huge. Without the means to contain the spill if it were to occur hundreds of miles from any given nation’s shore, LNG, when expelled into the water, poses a huge risk to the plant and wildlife that lives at sea. Eventually, if the spilled LNG were to reach the shores of any land mass, there could likewise be a large amount of soil pollution and the like, effectively undermining the environmental effectiveness of LNG when it is properly used in its intended applications (Downs, 2000). Financially, engaging in the importing of LNG can also be a risky proposition; in the previously presented scenario, if LNG shipments are hijacked for example, a huge loss of money for many stakeholders. Although all businesses carry their own relative level of risk, the importing of something like LNG, which is a prime target for theft or destruction, is especially risky. Lastly, the effort on the part of modern day pirates to try to steal as much LNG as possible from shipments meant for American importing represents a huge risk to both the financial and safety aspects of the shipments themselves; while one would probably say that the US should simply take military action against any nation from which these pirates hail, the diplomatic implications are far more complicated than that. The specifics of these implications will be discussed in more detail later in this research. Benefits of Importing Liquefied Natural Gas As one would expect, there are benefits to importing LNG that make the risks worth the effort of taking them. First, it is critical to understand the value of imported LNG for the United States and Canada alike, as well as countless other nations across the globe. For the purposes of this research, however, the focus is on the United States and LNG. The fact of the matter is that the United States’ production of LNG has been declining for at least the past decade, the only exception being the state of Alaska which still represents a vital source of LNG. However, even taking into account the access to LNG from Alaska, the United States still must import almost 98% of its needed supply of LNG, by some estimates. Further, additional estimates project that this trend will continue until at least 2025, and after that point, it is very likely that 100% of the LNG needed by the US will have to be imported from elsewhere, as even the expansion of available LNG from Alaska will be woefully inadequate to meet American demand (Kelly, 2005). Not only has the American supply of LNG diminished in recent years, but the demand has also skyrocketed for a variety of reasons. One of the reasons for this increased demand is an increase in the population of the US, which naturally increases the need for LNG in many applications, including residential, commercial, industrial and military. Additionally, the desirability of LNG as an energy source has increased given the growing effort to utilize energy sources which have very little impact on the environment, and the earth-friendliness of LNG makes it highly desirable for a way to provide energy without causing pollution, global warming and the like (Melamid, 1994). This research would be seriously lacking if at least some consideration was not given to the economic benefits of importing LNG for those whose product itself is LNG. As many people have realized in recent decades given the increase of political volatility in the middle east, this mostly desert, barren and hot part of the world is lacking in many of the natural resources that other nations use to support agriculture and other industries, this part of the world is highly dependent on the revenues derived from the export of LNG and other gas/oil products. Because of the reliance on this stream of income, the nations of the Middle East have in fact collaborated on the controlling of supplies and prices of LNG (Cordesman, 1997). While the details of the Middle Eastern situation will be discussed elsewhere in this research, suffice it to say at this point that there is tremendous benefit for the Middle East to continue to deal in LNG. Conversely, those who are involved domestically with the importing of LNG, there is a multi-billion dollar industry of opportunity to be reaped. The equipment alone to transport, store and dispense LNG represents a tremendous industry, employing hundreds of thousands of Americans. This is in addition to the endless number of end-users who use LNG as one of the factors of the production of other goods; as was mentioned earlier, this phenomenon will only increase with time, as the increased awareness of environmental responsibility will increase the desirability of LNG as a source of energy. While the environmental benefits of LNG have been mentioned several times already, this point deserves additional discussion as one of the many benefits that LNG provides. Not only is LNG a low impact element in terms of causing potential harm to the environment, relatively speaking, it is also quite safe in terms of its volatility. Unlike gasoline, for example, LNG is not highly explosive, and in fact, if LNG were to be ignited by an open flame, it would actually only generate a small, localized fire which in fact could be easily fought and contained. In the event of an LNG spillage, its nature as a dense gas makes it something that would only spread if it were hit by a hard, driving wind. Moreover, LNG is visible when released into the air, making it easy to avoid if it were to be spilled in large quantity. With the safety factor of storing LNG in mind, as a matter of fact, American storage facilities for LNG are required to have a sizeable safety zone of vacant land around them so should a leakage take place, the risk to the general population would in fact be nominal (Melamid, 1994). Environmentally, financially, and industrially, LNG importation has been seen to have many benefits which are substantial. However, in fairness, it is also important to discuss the effects that the importation of LNG has on other facets of everyday life, as well as international relations, homeland security, and much more.

The Style Of Quentin Tarantino Film Studies Essay

The Style Of Quentin Tarantino Film Studies Essay   Quentin Tarantino has his own distinctive style that mirrors his quirky vision of the universe. From the early Reservoir Dogs   to the stylish Pulp Fiction, Tarantino has challenged both viewers and the movie industry to look at the medium in a new way. His 2009 effort, the ultra-violent war film Inglorious Basterds, is a solid hit and every bit a Tarantino film. This paper discusses the film in general as well as its cinematography and editing. Discussion            Tarantino is a   director known for his love of film in general. He is knowledgeable about the medium and enjoys paying homage to it by sometimes filming scenes in a way that resembles works by other directors; or by putting a great many pop references in his film. This makes his films very hip, but it can also date them. However, because this film is set in a specific time and place-occupied France in 1944-these are quibbles.            Tarantino is also known for telling several stories simultaneously and bringing the threads together at the last moment to make a coherent whole. This is the structure of Pulp Fiction, in which three separate stories are told out of order: characters that are killed in one story show up later in the film, because that part of their story hasnt been told yet. At times its best to just sit back and let Tarantino do his thing and sort it out later.            Inglourious Basterds is just such a film: there are possibly three stories running simultaneously: the story of the Nazi Colonel Hans Landa and his hunt for Jews (Christoph Waltz); the Basterds themselves, led by Lt. Aldo Raine (Brad Pitt); and the Jewish girl Shoshanna Dreyfuss (Mà ©lanie Laurent), who works in the cinema that will be the setting for the films explosive (literally) climax. Critics are singling out Waltzs diabolical, cruel, witty, charming and perverse Colonel Landa as the best thing in the film; he won the Oscar as Best Supporting Actor for his work, along with almost every other award its possible for an actor to receive. That raises some unpleasant questions: Waltzs character is the representative of possibly the most despicable regime ever to disgrace humanity, so what does that say about audiences who find him attractive and funny? Landa becomes a sort of guilty pleasure, as well as an object lesson in the fact that evil can sometimes wear a very attractive face: There is nothing more disturbing than finding something commendable in a character you want so badly to condemn (Meadows).            The film is simple: Raines group of commandos has been dropped into occupied France with only one object: to kill Nazis. They do so, often with a baseball bat or other suitably unpleasant means, and scalp them (Tarantino). They also have a penchant for carving swastikas into their victims foreheads and their gruesome tactics have unsettled Nazi officers all the way up to Hitler.            The film has surprised   some audiences by its length and others because for a war film, it is surprisingly non-violent; the violence is extreme and gruesome but sparse and contained within a few set pieces. The rest of the film contains a lot of dialogue, which is a hallmark of Tarantinos work. He is in love with dialogue; he likes to explore human relationships and does so by letting his character literally speaks for themselves. People who complain that theres no enough action in the film seem to be missing the point. Berardinelli notes that the long dialogue scenes are merely priming the pump for the action that follows: With every sentence, the tension mounts. Tarantino uses these sequences to prime the audience, teasing them until the suspense is nearly unbearable, then releasing it in one explosive burst. The films editing includes title cards that identify each scene, an old fashioned technique that some critics like while others denigrate. Its the same technique that silent films pioneered, and it has the effect of making the film feel very literary, almost as if the audience has to read it like a book rather than watching it.            The cinematographer on the film is Robert Richardson, who was director of photography for Tarantino on both Kill Bill films; he has also worked on films like The Aviator and A Few Good Men as well as The Horse Whisperer, Casino and Snow Falling on Cedars   (MacGregor). If these films have anything in common, its that they have nothing in common, but in each case Richardson has brought to life their [the directors] most grandiose aspirations in a way that is unrivaled and incomparable (Ebenezer).            In this film, numerous critics have pointed to the scene which introduces Colonel Landa as a perfect example of Richardsons gifted cinematography; he works magic with the lighting and framing here as he does throughout the film (MacGregor). In this scene, Landa is questioning dairy farmer Perrier LaPadite, who is suspected of harboring Jews; as he continues to question the farmer, the camera circles the table moving closer and closer, as if it is tying up the farmer in invisible cords (MacGregor). When Landa orders his men to shoot through the floor, killing the Jews he knows are hidden there, its almost a relief because the tension is so high its unbearable. This is Richardsons skill; and it is on display throughout the film. The structure of the scene of course is Tarantinos; it is his direction. But Richardson has the skill to shoot it the way Tarantino wants it shot, so that it brings his vision to life. Richardsons use of color is extraordinary; for instance, in the scene where Landa comes to the farmhouse, the day is beautiful, clear and sunny; the sky is blue and birds are singing. And into the midst of this idyllic scene comes a monster. The juxtaposition of Landa with the beauty of his surroundings, especially as he then orders the murder of the hidden Jews, is brilliant. It reminds viewers that things are not what they seem, and that the potential for violence is ever-present. It can be argued that the United States today is one of the most violent societies on earth, but the threat of drive-bys, gang wars and shootings cannot compare to the terror of living under the Nazi occupation, where punishment for the slightest infraction was swift and brutal. When Landa pops up in the middle of the idyll ic scene, the day is ruined. Much of the rest of the cinematography is muted, sometimes suggesting old newsreels with washed out colors. This could indicate the age of Europe, or the draining effect of war; it makes Europe, which is beautiful, cold and harsh, in keeping with the mission the Basterds have undertaken. The New York Times also mentions the cinematography, though it is less complimentary than most to the movie overall. Dargis writes that whether or not a viewer likes the film has a lot to do with whether he or she can just groove on Tarantinos cinematic style, which includes his exuberant framing  and staging, his swooping crane shots, postmodern flourishes (Samuel L. Jackson in voice-over explaining the combustibility of nitrate prints) and gorgeously saturated colors, one velvety red in particular (Dargis). With regard to the films much-discussed opening scene in the farmhouse, Dargis calls it a marvel of choreographed camera movement and tightly coordinated performances. When the scene moves ins ide the building, Tarantino provides another homage: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the German soldiers outside are positioned within one of the windows, a shot that recalls the framing of an image in Monte Hellmans 1971 cult classic, Two-Lane Blacktop' (Dargis). Tarantino also gives a nod to a great Hollywood character actor of the 1950s, Aldo Ray, by naming his main character Also Raine; Also Rays widow served as a casting director on this film (Dargis). (For a delightful look at Aldo Ray, look at Were No Angels the original starring Ray, Humphrey Bogart and Peter Ustinov as three Devils Island escapees who are neither as tough nor as evil as they pretend to be.) As for the rest of the film, however, Dargis is less enthusiastic. She notes that the film is actually five set pieces, each organized around specific bits of business and conversations that increasingly converge (Dargis). The first chapter introduced Colonel Landa; the second brings in the Basterds while the third brings Shoshanna together with Joseph Gobbels (Dargis). The fourth chapter deals with the plot to kill Hitler and the final chapter is the destruction of the fire and the death of many of the characters (Dargis). While all this works, Dargis has trouble with Tarantinos use of slow dialogue scenes and she is particularly disquieted by Colonel Landa, whom she describes as charming and seductive (Dargis). A man who is the tool of a regime as repellant as National Socialism should have none of these qualities. And yet Landa has no equal in the film; he owns it, and that makes for some uneasy viewing (Dargis). Conclusion            Inglourious Basterds would be uncharacteristic for any other director but for Tarantino its merely the latest in a string of films that glorify brutality and make heroes out of the most unlikely people: hit men and Nazi colonels. Its also full of Tarantino trademarks: long dialogue scenes that lead up to shot, explosive action sequences; homage to other films; and a never-ending river of blood. He has also, as usual, played with film itself, using title cards that hark back to the days of silent films, and (mercifully!) having his German characters speak German, his Italians speak Italian, his Frenchmen speak French and so on. This means he has also subtitled some of the scenes, but again, this is a director who truly seems to love playing with the medium and all its capabilities. Whether a viewer will enjoy the film or not particular when it contains scenes of soldiers being beaten to death with a baseball bat and other horrific violence probably depends on whet her or not he or she is a Tarantino fan. If so, theyll know what to expect; if not, it can be a bit much. But all in all, the film has proven to be a solid success and another hit for a quirky filmmaker who breaks all the rules.

Play and Spoken Language Development Essay -- Child Development

The Plowden report (1967) published the intrinsic worth of play as the central approach of acquiring knowledge in the early years of children’s lives. The word play cannot be easily defined because it always depends on the contexts and the contexts also vary. There are different forms of play such as fantasy play, free flow play, constructive play, imaginative play, role play, socio-dramatic play, structured play, pretend play and heuristic play. These forms of play are categorised as â€Å"Play as learning†, and â€Å"Play as Practice† (Macintyre 2001:6). Moyles (2005), states that it is quite adverse that the phrase play has numerous meanings, and this makes parents to be wary of it. Meckley (2002) in his framework suggests that all different types of play involves varieties of activities and behaviours which results in diverse developmental and learning outcomes. Research suggest that the means to spoken language development in children’s brain is hearing language consistently because it is as a result of this that they would be able to speak (Brotherson,2005).There are evidences that toddlers who experience d talking with their mothers when they were infants have advanced vocabularies and a firm foundation for future communication. Snow (1997) claims that children who are deprived of language experiences at age four encounter a breach which barely expands over the school years. Claxton (1984) defined play as a method and approach which offer learning culture in which children’s fundamental learning needs can be met. He argued that these needs include the chance to communicate, question, interact with others and be part of a wider social experience in which flexibility, lenience and self –discipline are crucial. Moreover, different typ... ... principles, 2008).The EYFS has been a statutory requirement ever since 2008 for each and every ofsted registered settings. Furthermore, contributions from brain research have presented a lot of backups for the early years as a time for nurturing children’s learning holistically. Children’s communications and early experiences while they play has impact on the way the brain develops, and assist in shaping its formation(Shore,1997).This research, acknowledged the value of play as a â€Å"scaffold for development, a vehicle for increasing neural structures, and a means by which all children practice skills they will need in later life†(Isenberg&Quisenberry,2002:33). Meek (1985),proposed that it is through reading activities that children will start to learn a bit regarding metalinguistics, the language of language, and the concepts of words.

Free Essays: Faith and the Other Works of Emily Dickinson :: Biography Biographies Essays

Faith and the Other Works of Emily Dickinson Many of Emily Dickinson's poems are short. Similar to Faith, they are full of delightful surprises and thought provoking twists. Faith is more provocative than usual. The words are plain. Literally, it says that the gentlemen only believe what he can see; for those are hard to see by the naked eye, they rely on science which is symbolized by "Microscopes." "Faith" is a fine invention when Gentlemen can see -- But Microscopes are prudent In an Emergency. -- by Emily Dickinson As in all poems, the true meaning is always deeper than the meaning of the words. I try to grasp the poet's intention by study the images conjured by the words. Every time I read this poem, I see a picture of a girl in her cheerful voice reading the words. The voice reminds me of her own words -- "The old -- old sophistries of June." I carefully listen to every word and wrestle with every sound, but they all puzzle me. Is the "faith" an invention of man? Someone must have invented the word "faith" and associated a meaning to it. The Webster dictionary defines "faith" as a "firm belief in something for which there is no proof." Did man invent the belief? Did he invent the objects of his belief? ... I have many questions, where to look for answers? Following Dr. Johnson's suggestion, I seek hints from other poems by Emily Dickinson. She lived in a religious family according to her own letter to Thomas Higginson, the editor of her work, but she is not a religious person. In one poem, she wrote: Some keep the Sabbath going to Church - I keep it, staying at Home - With a Bobolink for a Chorister - And a Orchard, for a Dome. In this poem, she compares nature with church. The bobolink and the orchard are her deities. Considering this information, I image there is a little bit of smirk in the girl's voice. Maybe she is laughing at her church-goer parents as many teenagers do. When I was that age, I used to think that going to church is mere formality and took notice of all the inconsistencies between my parents' words and their actions. Each time when I see an inconsistency, I say to myself "Talking about faith, the only thing they believe is what is in front of their eye.

Problems and Solutions in the Fight Against Urban Poverty Essay

Problems and solutions in the fight against urban poverty Introduction – the advent of capitalism and the resultant economic inequality There can be no talk of modern poverty without talking first of capitalism, and as such, the capitalist model of production and the exploitation of labor is where I will begin my paper. Capitalism evolved from the feudal system, which was incorporated into western European societies hundreds of years ago. Under the feudal system, serfs worked the land and handed the surplus of their production over to the nobles, who owned the land and accumulated the surplus. This surplus was visible, occurring literally in the form of produced goods, and the feudal system was linked to the control of the state, which is how it was sustained - through the threat of force from the armies at the disposal of the nobles. The economic system later evolved into pure capitalism similar to the modern form that we are now familiar with, which involves the ownership of private property. That is, there is no longer any semblance of a communal institution and the state has been shut out from any influence on the development of this property. What this means is that the state now exists for the sake of private property, and the result is that self-interest (the interest of the individual property holder) takes precedence over communal interest. The bottom line is that those who own the most capital then have the largest amount of influence over the state, and since the state is dependent on the commercial economy, economic and institutional power now go hand in hand. The effects of this system on the worker (as opposed to the capitalist) are overwhelmingly negative. Since most workers will never accumula... ...e, Wilbert The Functional Theory of Social Stratification in Bendix, R and Lipset, S (eds) Class, Status and Power, 2nd edition, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1967 Tumin, Melvin Some Principles of Stratification: A Critical Analysis. American Sociological Review, Vol. 18, No. 4. (Aug., 1953) Marable, Manning. How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America: Problems in Race, Political Economy and Society. Cambridge: South End Press, 2000. Ofari, Earl, The Myth of Black Capitalism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1970 Tucker, ed, The Marx-Engels reader. New York: Norton, 1978. 2nd ed. Wilson, William J. The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. Woodson, Robert L., ed. On the Road to Economic Freedom: An Agenda for Black Progress. Washington, D.C.: Regenery Gateway, 1987.

Reaction Paper Essay

On August 3, the 1st year BSHM-CA students held an educational tour in different places of Manila and especially the main event of the tour is in the Fontana Resort, Clark Pampanga. The Educational tour started out as an escape from school for most of us students, bonding with friends, chance to unwind and of course, to learn new things and to gain knowledge at the same time that we may apply someday. First, we went to the entertainment room of the Resort where we discussed about the events, places of Pampanga and also some psychologic facts. After we enter the entertainment room of the Resort, there’s a short briefings about history of Pampanga, the course we took. We also did some different kinds of entertainment like singing, dancing, having fun, and eating. I learned a lot and also it is really useful because it’s important that you know how having an educational tour begins, the history and evolution of Pampanga because other people didn’t know that and I can share what I learned and discovered. After the short visit to entertainment room of the Resort, we went straight to our second destination the area of the Resort, I found myself amazed and amused because the place is really relaxing and unwinding. After we arrived in our hotel rooms, we wait for about 30 minutes because there was a huge rain that day and it looked like a storm. So it’s our time to eat lunch, relax, taking pictures, nap and retouch. After that we go back to our assigned rooms and relax and had fun there. I found our tour very interesting because I felt the happiness in me but it’s also a challenge for us. That’s all. Thank you.

Financial Research Report: Google Essay

The account impart analyze a muckle to de enclosureine whether a pecuniary consultant should advise the c whollyer to an investor. The news typography will, first, bankrupt the c onlyer-up foulground. Second, the makeup will dispute the type of investor the union would appeal to. Third, the paper will go all everywhere the financial health of the guild. Fourth, after analyzing the financial information, the paper will discuss the community risk. Fifth, the paper will discuss final rememberations as to whether the confederacy is the right conniption for the investor. confede proportionalityn InformationGoogle, Incorporated was originally a expect railway locomotive phoner founded in 1998 by Larry foliate and Sergey Brin (Google, n.d.). The corpo balancen went globe in 2004 and has since broadened their horizons in the heart of products and serve they offer. According to Alexa, a web rank analytics program, Google.com is ranked 1 public website in the U. S. and in the world. Google brieflyly has a capacious bout of products and work that people use daily. Google has stated that the draw allplace 1 billion drug users per week. over 100 billion searches per month. Over 1 billion humanoid activations. Over 1 billion YouTube users per month (Mohan, 2014).Some popular Google products atomic number 18 Google.com A search railway locomotiveGoogle+ A social sharing siteGmail WebmailGoogle chrome A web web browserGoogle dictation Store A digital application distri only ifion syllabus for Android Google Play Music A platform to upload medical specialty and p belittledsh atomic number 18 unison on Android plaits YouTube A website to component musicGoogle Maps A digital pi attracterage system to find local businesses and residential areas Android Software Operating packet program for busy devicesGoogle Wallet An application that allows the user to shop online with cyberspacement cards Picasa exercise that org anizes, edits and shares photos(Mohan, 2014)Google believes in innovation and is forever and a day move to evolve with the mission of people victimisation Google products in all aspects of their lives. Some products the smart set is receivedly working(a) on are Google Smart Watch Wearable reck unrivalledrs that concern to the users erratic devices Google frappe Glasses that act as a computer and connect to the users mobile devices Google Fiber A device use to provide users with faster, a lot dependable inter exonerate help rove addlehead A gist of inter web service through balloons as opposed to cables and anticipate lines Google Home Automation A invigorated home service where the homeowner thunder mug cover the home through mobile devices Google Smart Contact Lens A contact lens that asshole over fit glucose directs for diabetics Google Self-Driving Car A car that passel drive by itself with robotics engineering Chrome Tablet A mobile pad with A ndroid software(Amadeo, 2014). contemporaryly, Larry page, one of the founders of the union, is chief executive officer of the amply society. He has graced Forbes Magazines nearly Powerful People list double at 17 in 2013 and 20 in 2012, Forbes 400 Richest People in America Category at 13, and Forbes publics Billionaires list at 20 in 2013 and 13 in the coupled States (Forbes, 2013). This teen mogul has a net worth of $24.9 billion dollars (Forbes, 2013). With his vision he helped turn a 2 psyche ope balancen to a business with over 30,000 employees worldwide. (Google, n.d.) He helped expand Google from merely beingness a search engine to creating computer software, phones and making way for new engineering science such as driver little cars and teleport machines. Larry Pages management style arouse be described as psyche who is running his business standardized a startup. He believes in innovation and staying earlier of his competition. As a engine room ground companion, you are only as unafraid as your next big idea. Page encourages his employees to think of crazy ideas and cultivate the shell of them. When no one else is crazy liberal to do it, you bemuse got little competition, he says. (Elmer, 2011).Investor ProfileThe client is a young investor. She is arouse in seeing her gold grow over 10 15 years. She is a multi-millionaire and has the desire to be an raptorial investor. She wants to accumulate a substantial amount of wealth in the emerging and is commit to place in a start- up caller. Though the connection has been around for to a greater extent or little(prenominal) 16 years, Google is run like a start-up confederacy and is relatively young compared to some of its competitors (i.e. Microsoft and Apple). The company is always trying to create itself with a diverse portfolio of products and function. They spend a lot of money on look and development to cultivate innovation and purify their products already on the market place. Google does non redress declinationholders dividends. It uses the dividend money for R&D, data centers, sound issues and diversification (Rosoff, 2012). Since the client is not interested in an instant money master and can afford fluctuations in the market, Google whitethorn be a expert fit for her to invest in.Financial DataThe financial advisor must use a number of ratios to determine the financial health of the company. Five ratios what will be used are current ratios, speedy ratio, lolly per share, price earnings ratio, and debt to legality ratio. online RatiosCurrent ratios give the investor the opportunity to see the companys ability to stick out back its short-term liabilities with its short-term assets (Current Ratios, n.d.). The highschooler(prenominal)(prenominal) the current ratio, the more capable the company is to pay back its debts which would be undischarged for a bank lender. But a high current ratio could besides mean the company has a lot tied up in unproductive assets (Brigham & Ehrhardt, p. 99, 2014). Current ratios are determined by dividing wide assets by add together liabilities (Brigham & Ehrhardt).20112012201352,758 / 8,913 = 5.960,454 / 14,337 = 4.272,886 / 15,908 = 4.6Companies largely aim for a ratio of 1 to ensure their current assets can at least(prenominal) cover the short term obligations. Having a ratio greater than 1 gives the company a better disaster to be able to cover those obligations. The company started out with a high current ratio of 5.9 in 2011. This means, in 2011, the company was able to cover 5.9 times their short term obligations. It dropped muckle to 4.2 in 2012, but uprise by .4points in 2013. The drastic fluctuation may be receivable to the acquisition of Motorola Mobile in 2011 (Goldman, 2012). both(prenominal) current assets and current liabilities would extend delinquent to the increase of inventory and debt. The engineering effort fair(a) current ratio is 2.33 (Reuters, n.d.). For all triplet years, the current ratio is al intimately twice the applications just. out-of-pocket to the high current ratio, the company is not at risk of bankruptcy. pronto RatiosQuick ratios tell the investor what the companys liquidity congeal is or how quickly it can be converted to cash at the going market price (Brigham & Ehrhardt). To encrypt quick ratios the formula is current assets disconfirming inventories divided by current liabilities. 20112012201352,758 35 /8,913 = 5.960,454 505 / 14,337 = 4.272,886 426 /15,908 = 4.6As of 2013, the current engineering constancy quick ratio bonny is 1.26 (Technology Sector, 2014). The then(prenominal) three years has been higher than the intentness add up. The higher the quick ratio in comparison to the manufacturing mean(a) shows that the company is less likely to be overwhelmed by debt in the near approaching. A higher ratio is safer than a note one because it means the company has excess cash . This is a favorable consideration for an investor. Prior to 2011, Google, Inc. did not pay any inventories listed on their equilibrium sheets. Google started as a search engine in 1998 and form provided engineering services that did not imply inventory.In 2011, Google acquired Motorola Mobility, pickings it from a strictly software company to a software and hardware company (Goldman, 2012). This puts Google in direct competition with technology companies such as Apple, Inc. and Microsoft, Corp. In fusion with HTC and Samsung, Google has created their line of Nexus smartphones and tablets. They similarly attain Google Glass that is expected to launch for consumer secure by the end of 2014 as puff up as the Google Smart Watch. Other items Google is working on for the near future are the self-driving car, Project Loom, and Google Home Automation.Total Assets overturn RatioTotal assets derangement ratio determines how productive the company is. It shows how much taxation t he company generates for each dollar in assets.Total assets turnover ratio is work out by dividing total revenue from the income control by total assets from the balance statement. 20112012201337,905 / 72,574 = 0.5250,175 / 93,798 = 0.5359,825 / 110,920 = 0.54The sightly out turnover ratio for Google is 0.53. This means for all(prenominal) dollar worth in assets, the company generates 53 cents in revenue. Some companies pick out less assets than others, in which the total assets turnover ratio will be turn away than a more assets-intensive company. Google is primarily a service related company, so it has less assets than the majority of its competitors who produce a vast number of products. Some of Googles most popular products are the Google search engine, Google+, Gmail, Google Maps, Google Play Store, Android software, and YouTube. The company does not require as many somatic assets. The technology industry total assets turnover ratio is 1.07 (Reuters, n.d.). Though Googl es ratio is dismay than the industry comely, it is not necessarily a bad thing considering most technology based companies sell a physical product and Google mainly sells services, thus less assets than its competitors.Debt to EquityDebt to loveliness ratio is a leverage ratio which explains how much of the companys assets are financed by debt and stockholders equity. The debt to equity ratio is reckon by dividing the total debt by the total common equity. The total debt is determined by adding current liabilities with longsighted term debt.20112012201314,429 / 58,145 = .2522,083 / 71,715 = .3123,611 / 87,309 = .27 From the three years, the average debt to equity ratio is .28. This ratio translates that Google has 28 cents of debt for every dollar of equity. The technology industry average is 31 cents. The lower number is more favorable because it shows that the company is less fantastic. The lower numbers indicate that the company relies on less external lenders than other co mpanies. In 2012, the ratio increase by .06.In May 2012, Google, Inc. completed its acquisition of Motorola Mobility in which it acquired the companys debts as come up as its assets. The following year, Google may have paid some of the debt. roueholders equity increased by having a significant increase in retained earnings. Retained earnings are part of the net income that goes back intothe company instead of the company distributing dividends to the stockholders (Brigham & Ehrhardt, p. 1114, 2014). sort out Profit MarginNet profit margin measures a companys profitability. The net profit margin is calculated by dividing the net income by sales. This ratio can determine if a company earns enough money to cover its operational costs. If it does not, the company could eventually shut down which would make it a bad investment. 2011201220139,737 / 37,905 = .2610,737 / 50,175 = .2112,920 / 59,825 = .22 establish on the early(prenominal) three years, Googles profit margin dropped by 5% between 2011 and 2012. It slightly increased by 1% between 2012 and 2013. In all three years, the profit margins were higher than the technology industry averages for those years. In 2011, the industry average was 19% in 2012, the industry average was 16% and in 2013, the industry average was 19% (Profitability Analysis, 2014). If the companys net profit margin is higher than the industrys profit margin, it is a right(a) investment. follow Risk Level base on the financial analysis for Google, the company has a low risk level based on the industrys averages. The current ratio average for the technology industry is 2.33. Googles average is 4.9. This means that the company has a contingency to be able to take care of their short-term obligations over twice the industry average. The industry average for quick ratios is 1.26. Googles quick ratio average over the bypast 3 years is 4.9. This shows that the company is least likely to be overwhelmed by debt in the future compared to its c ompetitors. The average turnover ratio for Google is .53 indicating that for every dollar the company has in assets, it generates 53 cents. This is a low number mainly because the company has a low amount of assets unlike its competitors. Google is mainly a service company and does not have a vast number of assets like its competitors that produce products such as tablets, phones, computers, and so onThe technology industrys average for debt to equity is 31. Googles debt to equity average is 28. This means that there is 28 cents of debt for every dollar of equity. The lower number is more favorable because it means that thecompany depends less on external lenders. The industrys profit margin average was 18%. Googles profit margin average over the course of the past three years was 23%. This shows that compared to most of its competitors, it is generating more of a profit. A companys of import measures the companys capriciousness in the stock market. A companys beta depends on how much the company fluctuates within the market. The stock market itself has a beta of 1.0 (McClure, 2012). Anything above 1.0 is considered risky. Anything to a lower place 1.0 is considered more stable.According to Yahoo Finance, Google has a beta of 1.14. This means it is 14% above the stock market average and is considered a risky investment. Though the company is considered risky, it has the potential for high returns. The downfall of betas is that they only calculate what happened in the past. Its assessment does not calculate for the future of the company.RecommendationsDespite the market risk of the technology based company, Google has shown growth over the past year. According to the Financial Post, Googles shares have risen 58% in 2013. In January 2014, the companys stock rose U.S. $2.37 to U.S. $1,141.23 (Ratner, 2014). Of the 48 analysts covering Google, 35 of them recommend buying the stock whereas 13 of them recommend holding it (Ratner, 2014). Google maintains a stron g position in the driving the market share on online denote in the mobile and tv incisions. The company has strong control over four pillars of the mobile department operating system, apps, app store, and payment. YouTube is a leading advertising and video sharing medium. Unlike its competitors, Google has had a steady 20% growth per annum (Ratner, 2014). Under the direction of CEO Larry Page, the company constantly improves already existing products as well as produce forward-looking products.Larry Page wants to make Google a plate name so that a person would need to use Google products several times throughout the course of their day. Currently, Google has well over 100 products that, in some cases, have capture a necessity in everyday life. There are a number of phones and tablets that have been uploaded with Android software as an operating system. Googles search engine has become so increasingly popular that when a person wants to do a web search on a topic they simply G oogle it. The website has become the 1 site globally and across the country according to Alexa.com. YouTube is a popular video websitewhere people upload everything from home videos, tutorials, music videos, and ad campaigns. Also, one of the most sure mobile navigation applications is Google Maps. The company is constantly updating its maps to provide better locations and directions. The company has a number of future products that will diversify their product portfolio.For example, Google Glass is a mobile device used as glasses which is like a personalised computer or tablet and also interfaces with the consumers mobile phone. So remote the product is generating a lot of assist with the public. Google is also working on the driverless car, Google Contacts, Project Loom, Google Fiber, and the Google Home Automation. Google is expanding their spectrum from a search engine and mobile apps to automobiles, health care, the internet, and home security. every last(predicate) of the se projects show a promising future for the company. For an aggressive investor who does not mind investing in a risky company and is looking to invest for the long-term, Google is a good investment to have. The company has seen a accordant increase in growth and has shown financial stability over the years. Google does not pay stockholders dividends but companies that have a high risk, have the ability to have bigger payouts in the long run.ResourcesAlexa. (2014). Google, Inc. Retrieved from http//www.alexa.com/siteinfo/google.com Amadeo, R. (2014, February 10). The 2014 Google Tracker Everything We sleep together Google Is working On This Year. ARS Technica. Retrieved from http//arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/02/the-2014-google-tracker-everything-we-know-google-is-working-on-this-year/ Brigham, E. & Ehrhardt, M. (2014). Financial Management (14th ed.). Mason, Oh. Cengage Learning. Current Ratios. (2014). Investopedia. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/terms/c/currentrati o.asp Elmer, V. (2011, April). What Would Larry Page Do? Leadership Lessons from Googles Doyen. CNN Money Online. Retrieved from http//management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/04/18/what-would-larry-page-do-leadership-lessons-from-googles-doyen/ Forbes (n.d.). In Forbes.com. Retrieved from http//www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/ Goldman, D. (2012, May 22). Google Seals $13 Billion Motorola Buy. CNN Money. Retrieved fromhttp//money.cnn.com/2012/05/22/technology/google-motorola/ Google. (n.d.). Company Overview. Retrieved from https//www.google.com/intl/en/about/company/ Mahesh, M. (2014, January 28). Over 101 Google Products and Services You Probably beart Know. Retrieved from http//www.minterest.org/google-products-services-you-probably-dont-know/ McClure, B. (2012, August 7). Beta Know The Risk. Investopedia. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/04/113004.asp Profit Analysis. (2014). Stock Analysis On Net. Retrieved from http//www.stock-analysis-on.net/NASDAQ/Company/ Google-Inc/Ratios/Profitability Ratner, J. (2014, January 9). why Google, Inc. is a Must Own Tech Stock. Financial Post. Retrieved from http//business.financialpost.com/2014/01/09/why-google-inc-is-a-must-own-tech-stock/?__lsa=389e-8727 Reuters. (n.d.). Technology Overview. Retrieved from http//www.reuters.com/assets/curtainMainContentLoader?view=RSM-US-Curtain-MainContent-Sector-Technology Rosoff, M. (2012, April 12). Why Google Would Be Nuts To Declare A Dividend Now. Business Insider. Retrieved from http//www.businessinsider.com/why-google-would-be-nuts-to-declare-a-dividend-2012-4 Technology Sector. (2014). CSI Market. Retrieved from http//csimarket.com/Industry/industry_Financial_Strength_Ratios.php?s=1000 Yahoo Finance. (2014, June 13). Google, Inc. Retrieved from http//finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=GOOG+ see+Statistics

Comparative Employee Relations Essay

Employees transaction is those policies and daily practices that ar concerned with the statute and reign overment of respective(prenominal) and team dealinghips within the organization. Essentially, employee relations argon cantered on the ability to resolve and sustain conflicts that involve either an individual or the teams in the organization which directly take up work situations and performance. high-octane chat ensures that information is passed to the employees in order to part with them realise better the communitys goals and objectives. nearly employee relations directors uphold the responsibility of handling grievances, individual code of conduct period in the office, rating of employee performance and counselling programs. Sound employee relations are based on participation and effective communication for both(prenominal) the management and the employees. There are unhomogeneous management styles that cover the way employee relations moldiness be conduct ed in order to achieve the outflank from the employees. These management styles are intended to t apiece employees the following,applicable regulations and policies Bargaining agreements Grievance and appeal rights Discrimination and security of whistleblowersEmployee relations remove broadened its definition from the initial industrial relations to such aspects as employer-employee relations, personal contracts, study environmental safety, and socio-emotional factors. In developed countries, there is a growing trend of harmonization in about all levels of government mainly because of the government consignment to enhance employee relations programs.Comparison of employee relations in Kenya and the United StatesEmployee relations between diametric countries such as the United States, Japan, Brazil, South Africa, Europe and developing countries such as Kenya are farther untold varied because of frees such as economic status, policy-making will, policy creation and impleme ntation, employee literacy standards, justice ashess, type of company and management standardsUnited States and Kenya are two antithetic countries that go distinguishable views and perceptions on how they handle employee relations. In some issues however, they agree and a nonher(prenominal)s they dont.Similarities both are members of the International Labour Association They both have federal courts that deal with cases arising from employees Both countries have stack unions that champion for employee rights They have health and safety sound judgement policies Both value equal treatment, opportunities and rights for the employees Both countries have created and implemented policies and legal requirements that govern the conduct of both the employer and the employees In both countries workplace malpractices occur Both uphold human rights concerning employees They both have turnover wander and retention concerns In both workplace badgering is punishable by lawDifferencesIn th e U.S, every(prenominal) State i.e. Washington, Texas etc have each Employee transaction consultatory Organization (ERAO) that is concerned with individual organizations dealing with employee relations1 while in Kenya there is only one cardinal organization that deals with the issues raised by its employees. Also, the U.S has an elaborate system of government that promotes the utilization of its staff members attached to the Employee Relations Advisory Board to monitor employee relations in various companies.In Kenya, the situation is different with no government body that is specifically assigned the duty of overseeing employee relations. In the U.S each organization including institutions have the license of getting the operate of an employee relations officer and in Kenya, the companies find it rugged and expensive to hold an employee relations manager. The U.S also has well trained power that have the human resource skills to handle employee relations issues which Kenya does not. In addition, the U.S have a better economy that can support better pay packages, benefits, compensations and other incentives while in Kenya employers pay poorly frankincense undermining the morale, motivation and performance of individual employees.Finally, in the U.S, the employees are from different parts of the world speaking different languages and diverse political, social, cultural and religious backgrounds making it difficult and tedious to the companies to ensure smooth harmonization in the company. While in Kenya, only a a couple of(prenominal) internationals work in some companies with the majority universe the locals making employee relations very easy to manage Third world countries like Kenya, are not economically capable of handling employee relations effectively. With an unemployment rate of 57%, most employers are arrogant to employees because they eff that they can sack one employ some other within a very short fourth dimension frame.Since most com panies due to financial weaknesses cannot afford the services of employee relations manager, then the work of handling employee issue are either left with the general manager or the human resources manager who have no skills to handle the sector. This will lead to unfair and high-priced consequences for the company such as failure to understand individual problems which will in turn affect his or her performance. Because of corruption in Kenya, very few cases of employee relations abuse have been so far settled while in the U.S the case is different with more significant cases being reported each year.